This paper presents the application of System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) as a complementary method within a real-world use case: a collaborative mobile robot (AGV) operating in a logistics warehouse, assisting workers by autonomously transporting heavy loads and interacting closely with humans. The analysis focuses on identifying hazardous scenarios arising from human-robot interaction, control structure deficiencies, and inadequate process models, particularly in cooperative operation modes.
The results demonstrate that STPA enables a more comprehensive understanding of system-level risks, including interaction-driven hazards and “loss of mission” aspects such as reduced usability or operator trust. Furthermore, the study shows how STPA extends traditional safety analyses by uncovering risks that are not explicitly addressed by classical methods.
Overall, the contribution highlights the practical value of integrating STPA into existing safety processes to improve safety assurance for modern, human-centric automated systems.